Chakma ho

THE APOLITICAL BIHCHIANNA

June 23,2017 khan web news portal pakhatah, tui lian tuar Chakma-te chu Mizoram sorkar leh Tlabunga Health department-ten an ngaihsak tâwk lo niin tarlan a ni a; tui lian vanga hri leng palh thei vênna tura hmalakna a awm lo nia tarlan a nih bakah, Chakma-te chuan an hriselna endiksaktu an nei lo nia tarlan a ni bawk.

He website hi theapolitical.in tih a ni a, report kimhlel leh thu chiang tâwk lo tarlan a nih ațangin ngaihdan a neih sa theih. Chutih rualin, he website hi tu siam nge tih hriat chian a nih loh avangin thil sawi huai a har hle. Tlabung Post Team chuan theih anga zauin kan chhui a, kan hmuhchhuah chu hei hi a ni.

Chakma leh human rights..

Mizo leh Chakma inkarah boruak a awm hleka kan sawi fo chu, "Chakma chu an țuan a țha lutuk. Human rights commission lamah an zualko vat a, kan hneh ngai lo..." tih hi a ni țhin. Chakma sawi rîk apiangin human rights tih hi a lâr a, hei hi an innghahna leh an vauchher ve ber a ni.

Mihring dikna leh chanvo humhalh kawnga thawhhlâwk leh, khawvel pum huap pawha intelkhâwm țha tak pawl (NGO) pakhat a awm a; chu pawl chu Asian Centre for Human Rights tih a ni.

He pawl hmunpui hi New delhi-ah a awm a, a bikin Asia khawmualpui an tuam a; India bakah ram hrang hrang - Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Nepal, Philippines, Afghanistan, Bhutan, Maldives, Pakistan and Thailand-te an hmalaknain a huam vek.

Chakma-te chunga thil a thlenin, he pawl hi an ri vat zel a; sir hnih ațanga thlirna la tawh lem loin, hleih nei takin hma an la a, thuneitu lian zâwkte hnena an thlen hnu-ah Mizo zâwkte chan a chau leh nge nge țhin.

Suhas Chakma chu...

He NGO lian leh invawrh sáng taka hotupa ber chu Suhas Chakma a ni.

India rama zirna țha leh pan hlawh berte zinga chhiar tel, Jawaharlal Nehru University-a zirchhuak Suhas Chakma hi he NGO-ah hian director a ni a; țhang khat lian vel tur liam ta kum 2003 khan a lût a, kum 2007-ah director-ah a kaisang.

He mihring, thluak țha, mi dangte tihlâwm thiam leh huatzawngte nêk thiam tak hi a inhawlh chikim hle a; a hnampuiten hamțhatna an chan theihna turah chuan a ring a rawlh vek tih theih a ni.
Phai lam media outlet lianho țha takin a thawhpui a, amah leh a pawlte chêtna tawh phawt chu national media house hrang hrangin an puangzar chuai chuai a, hei hi a chakna hnár a ni.

Khawvel huapa mihringte dikna vawnghim tura hma latu UN Human Rights Council nen nghet taka inthlunzawmin thawhpui țha takah a siam a, hei hi an ráwl tiringtu pakhat a tih theih bawk awm e.

Hmalakna langsar...

Hmun dang zawng aia Chakma-ho chan a chhiatna Arunachal Pradesh-a Chakma-ho dikna leh chanvo humhalh a nih theih na'n Suhas Chakma hian beihpui a thlâk a; Mizoram leh Tripura-a a hnampuiten harsatna an tâwk nia an sawiin, ram pum déng chhuak dawt khawpin hma a la a, hei vang hian Chakma-ten an zahin, an lei pathian ang thawthángin an ngai nghet hmiah mai.

Chakma/Hajong settler issue-ah thûk takin a inrawlh a, pawl lian taka a nihna behchhanin a hnampuite hamțhatna tur dâltu nia a hriat chu a pal buan buan a ni ber. Arunachal Pradesh bikah hian, Chakma/Hajong-te chu kum 1964-168 bawr chho vel khan an pém lût tawh nia chhálin, ram leilung fate tana hnawksak chu Chakma leh Hajong-te ni loin, tribal ni lo hnam dang niin a sawi. Hei tak hi, tuna Union Minister of State Kiren Rijiju nen an inbah buai nachhan pawh a ni.

the apolitical chu....

Kan kual rei ta.

Suhas Chakma hi a ni, the apolitical.in neitu, enkawltu leh news chhûng khattu chu.

Kumin June 1 khan he website hi an duang/siam chhuak a, amah bâkah hian contributor țha tak tak a nei. Heng a contributor-te zingah hian Mizoram Chakma Development Forum lama phusa leh, The Chakma Voice-a editor hlun Paritosh Chakma pawh a tel nia sawi a ni.

He website hi a la rei loh avangin a la lian lo hle a, tunah hian chawhrualin ni tin mi 904-in an chhiar meka chhût a ni. Mahse, thla khat chhung leka he website traffic țhanna ngaihnêp chi a ni lo.

Mizorama chanchinbu lian ber Vanglaini website hi siam a nih ațanga kum hnih hnu-ah tlawhtu (Visitor) mi 900 vel an tling țâwk a ni. The apolitical hian thla khat chhunga tlawhtu 900 a nei tling a nih chuan, kum khat chhung chuan tam viau tura ngaih a ni.

Tichuan, website thu lái la tak leh țan bik pawh nei loah, Chakma-ten thu dik tâwk lo an puanzartir ni tawh mai loin, Chakmapa siam leh enkawl ngeiah an zu pholang zâwk tihna a lo ni ta a; hetianga portal biased tak an neih hi țha taka an enkawl zel a nih phei chuan, Mizo-te, a bikin Tlabunga chêngte hian ngun taka kan thlithlai reng pawh a ngai dawn niin a lang!!
3july

https://www.theapolitical.in/#?_e_pi_=7%2CPAGE_ID10%2C6260399054

C/p

Comments : Sangtea CV

Arunachal Pradesh-in Chakma an enkawl dan kan hria, raltlan (refugee) niin Arunachal Pradesh-ah hian Chakma eng emaw ni zat an inbengbel ve a. Tunah phei hi chuan Mizorama Chakma awm zat nen an inzat thuak tawh ang.

Kum 60 chuang Arunachal Pradesh-ah hian inbengbel tawhin tun thleng hian raltlan an la ni reng. Citizenship an pek phal loh avangin inthlannaah vote an thlak thei lo a, sawrkar hna an thawk thei hek lo. Anmahni pualin ram an nei thei lo bawk. Hmanni lawk khan Supreme Court chuan thu chhuah siamin Arunachal Pradesh sawrkar chu Chakma-ho hi citizenship pe tur leh Schedule Tribe nihtir ve turin thu a pe a.

Central sawrkar-a Union Minister ni lai, Arunachal mi Kiren Rijiju chuan, "Union Minister ka nih avangin Supreme Court thu hi ka hnial kalh ngawt thiang lo a; mahse, Arunachal Pradesh aiawha thlan tlin ka nihna zawnah erawh chuan Court thuchhuak hi ka dodal bur thung a ni. Chakma te hian citizenship an neih hi ka do hran lo; amaherawhchu, citizenship an nei dawn a nih chuan kan ram chhungah chuan a ram mi nihna an nei thei lo ang, Arunachal Pradesh an chhuahsan a ngai ang," a ti hmiah mai a ni.

Hetiang ram hruaitu, party aia ram hmangaih hi kan nei ve lo em ni? Minority chhuanlamin Chakmate hi central sawrkar lamah zualko thin mah se Arunachal Pradesh hian central sawrkar thu hi zawmsak a tum ngai lo.

Comment : Rothuama Sailo
(Source : Masanga)  

CHAKMA leh MNF:
Dt.18th-20th. Nov., 1997 Assembly Session-ah khan Pu Zoramthanga chuan Chakma Dist. lo piannaah hian 100%  a nih loh pawhin 80% chuan mawh kan phur, a ti a. ‘MNF underground-a awm te kha E.Pakistan, Bangladesh atanga Mizorama kan rawn luh dawnin Chakma area kaltlang dawn chuan kan kaltlang thei lo, min report rang lutuk. Chuvangin kan kal hlei thei lo. Chhim chhak deuh atanga rawn hel a ngai a. Chu chiah chu hriain hetah hian ram i siam sak ang u, tiin keini MNF underground te hian min counter-na kha cent percent a nih loh pawhin 80% chu a nih ka ring’ tiin a sawi.

‘Hnam Kalsiam’ tih Biakchhunga ziak phek 215-na, tlar chung berah chuan hetiang hian a inziak a: ‘Mizoram chu state puitling kan lo ni a. Chief Minister Pu Laldenga MNF President a lo nih khan Chief Minister Letter Head-in Chakma duhsakna thu ni 12.7.1987 khan a thawn a. He thu hi  ‘The Chakma’s Life Struggle’ by S.P. Talukdar lehkhabu phek hmasa berah a chuang a. He lehkhabu phek 67-naah Chakma tualto party, Chakma Jaintia Parisad leh MNF Party te hi thawkho an nih thu a ziak bawk. Heng avangte hian an tan Chakma chunga hleilen hi a remchang lo em ni ang, tih theih a ni!’ a ti.

Tin, Proceeding of the Mizoram Legislative Assembly Reports dt. 2-5, Sept., 1986 kan en chuan Pu Laldenga’n (RIP) Chakma thlavang a hauhna thu kan hmu bawk.

CHAKMA  leh CONGRESS :  Kum 1991 Congress sorkar chhung khan Mizoram sorkar chuan official-in CADC-ah Political & Cabinet Department kaltlangin lehkha an thehlut a. (No.J.15011/6/91/Pol. dt.8.7.’91) Chu lehkha subject-ah chuan- Memorandum to Prime Minister of India for Creation of UT for Chakma residing in Mizoram’ tih a ni a.

He lehkhaah hian Mizoram sorkar (congress) chuan  thil pathum chakma ten rawn tifel turin an ti a.

1)-naah chuan- Chakma-te’n UT a tana an demand area. (area of territory for which formation of UT demanded). chiang taka rawn ti lang turin.
2) 1991 chhiarpui angin chakma population.
3) Chakma area demand chhunga hnam hrang hrang awm zat. (break up of population community wise).

Hetianga congress-in Chakma UT lo pian theihna tura hma a lak avang hian Rajya Sabha Committee on Pettition atanga lo irh chhuak, Mizoram atanga Chakma inlakhran tumna kha a inzawm chho zel pawh a ni mahna. Chakma UT lo piang tur duh lo hian kohhran, tlawmngai pawl hrang hrang leh pol. party ten dt. 12. Nov., 1997-a kawngzawh ropui tak kan neih nghe nghe kha. Kan la hre theuh awm e.

CHAKMA  leh MPC: Chakma District Council thiah a nih theih nana an hmalakna langsar tak pakhat chu Prime Minister hnena Memorandum an thehluh kha a ni. He lehkha hi MNF chuan ngaimawhin dt.11.June, 1982 khan natakin MPC chu lehkha an pe a. Chu lehkhaah chuan-

“A hnuaia thu hi nguntaka ngaihtuaha, Pathian leh kan ram tan a pawimawh a ni tih hrerenga zawm nghal turin ka han hriattir a che.
I hriat angin tunah hian MNF aiawhte leh India sorkar chu inremna kawng zawngin hma an la mek a ni a; hemiah hian MNF ten an lallukhum rawn hawn ngei tur nia lang chu Chakma District Council thiah (dissolved) leh Chakma lo lut tharte hnawhkir lehna hi a ni. Tunah hian heng thilte hi tihlawhtling ngei tur hian PC party chuan nasa takin hma in la tih kan hriatin leh India Prime Minister hnenah Memorandum hial in lo thehlut a ni tih kan hriat hian MNF te hamthatna tur chuhpuitu niah kan ngai che u a. Chuvangin tun atang chuan hemi kawnga in hma lakna zawng zawng hi lo titawp nghal turin ka han hriattirin ka han ngen a ni e.” tiin
(He lehkhaah hian MNF aiawhin Aichhinga, President Emissary chuan hming a ziak a ni.)

CHAKMA leh ZNP: Tuna an dinna ah chuan- ram dangmi (foreigner) leh leilungfate thliarfel an nih hma chuan he area ah hian nationalist party an nihna angin unit pakhat pawh kan din dawn lo a ni, an ti a. Hei hi mithenkhat ten chirhtheh nana hmangin ‘an la tlem vangin an ti mai mai a ni, hnam thil hi sawi sawi ve suh se’ ti tawk an awm bawk. Engpawhnise, Chakma la pawlhnut loh awm chhun party an nih avangin Chakma chung changah hi chuan engzawng pawhin zalen taka hma la thei awm chhun party an ni awm e.

Comment :
CHAKMA TE HI TU TE NGE AN NIH
Lalthara IAS

Kan naupan lai chuan “Tuikuk” leh “Takam” ho hi kan hlau thei em em ţhin a. Kan khua Reiek chu an Aizawl kalna kawngah an hman thin avangin saruaka hrenpereng chauh kaiha an kal dum dum kan hmu thin a. Naupang ţap thlem leh tihţhaih nan pawh, “I ban loh chuan Takamin an man ang che,” kan ti fo mai. Khanglaia Takam tia kan hriatte kha ‘Chakma’ hi an lo ni reng mai a.

Tun hnai maia Chakma hovin Mizoram leilung aţang ngeia UT sahthlak an ngiat tak avang leh Rajya Sabha Committee On Petitions in an dilna chu an lo recommend chungchang hi kan buaipui zual ta thut mai a. Chakmate hi tu te nge maw an nih a; engtia Mizoram chhunga rawn lut nge an nih a; engtia Chakma Autonomous District Council hi lo piang a; Chakma Minister te meuh pawh lo nei ta zel mai nge kan nih? tih zawhna angte chuan Mizo ţhangtharte rilru a luah ţan ta a. All Mizo Post Graduate Students Union-in min rawn ngenna angin he Article hi ka han ziak ve a ni.
An Ţobul:
Chakma hote hi awmna ram bik nei mumal lo (Nomadic Tribe) anga rei tak an khawsak avangin a ţobul pawh hi chiang faka chhutchhuah a harsa a. History ziaktute pawhin chiang leh mumal taka ziah tur an hre tlem hle a, an rinsiak vel mai mai a ni ber. Mongolian thlah zinga Tibeto-Burman pengkhat an nih ring an awm laiin ţhenkhat erawh chuan Tai-Shan emaw, Mon-khmer thlah emaw atanga lo chhuak niin an ring bawk.

An lan dan chuan China ram aţanga an thlahtute hi lo chhuakin an pemkual an pemkual hnuah Burma rama Arakan vel hi lalte meuh neia awmhmun an khuarna hmasa chu niin a lang. Arakan aţang hian tuna Bangladesh ramchhung Chitagong ramchhung Hill Tract-ah hian a ţhente chu an pemthla lehin awmhmun an khuar leh a. He hmunah pawh hian anmahni puala lal te pawh neiin tuma tihbuai lohvin kum zabi engemaw zah chu an awm bawk a; tichuan, khawvela an insingsak fel tana hnam hrang hrang te ‘hmun leh ram bik’ neia awmhmun an inkhuarlai khan Chakma te chu Arakan leh Chittagong Hill Tracts-ah hian an awm ber a. Hengte hi an ram (Homeland) anga an ngaih theih awmchhun chu a ni ta a ni. Chittagong Hill Tracts-ah hian Bengali ho nen an inpawlh hle avangin Bengali tihdan tam tak an lo la ta a, “An ţawng pawh hi Bengali nen inpawlh tak a lo ni ta a.

An sakhua Buddism hi engtiklai leh khawi aţanga an lo vawn nge tih hriat a harsa hle a. Arakan-ho hnen aţanga an lakchhuah a nih hmel ber. Chakma hote pawh hi British Empire hnuaia an lo awm ve tak khan Mizorama an tih ang deuh bawkin an Lal (Raja) te chu ban chuang lovin, an Lalte hmangin an enkawl ve mai thin.

Mizorama an lo luh a, Khua an din ţan leh Mizorama an dinhmunte :
i) Chakma hoten Mizoram leilung an rawn rah hmasak ber tum chu 1872 khan a ni. British sipaiten Mizoram an rawn run dawn khan An puak phur turin Chakma 500 vel lai an rawn hruai a, heng Chakma puakphurte hi an Lalnu Kalindi Rani in a tirhte an ni nghe nghe a ni. Hemi ţuma British Sipai hruaitu Capt. Lewin chuan, “Chakma ho te chuan he Lushai Hills hi an vawikhat hmuhna a ni,” tiin a record nghe nghe a ni. Heng Chakma puakphurte hi an cham bang mai lova, an haw leh vek a ni. Mahse, heta lokalte atang hian Tlabung thlanglam lui kam vel chu ramruak leh ngawpui, thing leh mau laktur tamna hmun a ni tih an hre ţan ta a.

Tichuan kum 1905 vel aţang khan Samakkaih Luikam velah an rawn lut ţan ta a. Heti lai vel hian mihring an la thawl em avangin Mizo Lalte pawh khan ‘Chhiahkhua’ atan tiin an lo lalut ve mai ni tur a ni. Tiante, Lungno,Thingsen leh Muallianpui lalram chhungah te hian an lo lut hmasa niin a lang. Tin, kum 1918 vel khan Chakma ţhenkhat chu Pukzing Lal khua leh tui angin Marpara velah an awm tih kan hmu bawk. Kum 1925 vel khan Phuldungsei Lalram Chhunga Mualvawm leh Aivaphai velah chhiah chawiin khua an din ţan bawk.

Tin, Indopui-II na lai vel khan Chakma tamtak chu Labour Corps aţangin Mizoram an lo lut bawk a, hengmite hi tamtak chu hawkir leh tawh lovin an chambang ta bawk niin a lang.

ii) British hunlaia Mizoram chhunga Chakma khawdin phalna hmasa ber chu kum 1933 khan Lunglei SDO in hetiang hian a chhuah a ni.
“Order No. 4 of 1933-34, dated, Lunglei,16, May, 1933
C.I Taia’s reports received. Previous paper persued. Debicharan is allowed to settle with his 15 houses in the land of Lukusuri, the provisional boundary of which will be as follows:
West – Thega Lui
North – Upto the Lukisuri Lui from its junction with the Thega to its source in the Uiphum Tlang
East – Along the Uiphum Tlang to the source of Lukisuri Lui
South – Down the Lukisuri Lui from its source in the Uiphum Tlang to its junction with the Thega.
In the event of Dibicharan committing any misdeamour, he is liable to be turned out on being
given amonths notice.”
Hemi Lukisuri Khuaah hian Debicharan hian Mizo lal ang deuhvin ro a rel zui ta zel a. Kum 1954 a Mizo lalte ban tir an nih ţum khan Debicharan fapa Lambomani chuan lal banna compensation pawh kha Rs 3840 pawh a dawng ve nghe nghe a ni. Tin, hemi khua bak hi chu sorkar phalnaa Chakma khua, mahnia roinrelbawl thei din a awm lo niin a lang.

iii) British hun lai kha chuan Chakmahote hi Chittagong leh Arakan lamah te British khua leh tui an ni na in; Mizoramah erawh ramdang mi anga ngaih an ni thung. Chakma khaw din phalna thupek kan han tarlan tak aţang pawh hian ‘Mikhual chamrei’ ang leka ngaih an nihzia a hmuh theih. Tin, chhiah (House tax) pek chungchangah pawh ram pawn lam mi – Chakma te ang chu a ram leilung mite nen angkhata en an ni ngai lo. Hemi chungchangah kum 1934 a sawrkar thu chhuah lo en ila:-
“In exercise of the power conferred by section 35 of the Chin Hills regulation 1896 (Regulation V of 1896) as extended to the Lushai Hills District by Notification No 2287 AP dated the 10th March, 1932, and No 2194 AP, dated 13th March, 1933, the government of Assam are pleased to prescribe with effect from the 1st of August, 1934, for the said District, the taxes specified in the Schedule annexed hereto.

Schedule:
Lushai – House tax at Rs 2/- per year throughout the Districts.
Non – Lushai – House tax at Rs 5 per year.”
(N.B. British hun lai a ‘Lushais’ tih khian tuna Mizo inti ta te hi min huamtir vek a. Tunlaia intihhranna rilru nei deuh taa lang- Lakher, Lai leh Hmarte pawh hian ‘Lushais’ tih ah hian ihe lovin an lo inhuamtir vek ţhin bawk; tax pawh Rs 2/- an pe a ni. Tuna anmahni huam chiang leh zual tura ‘Mizo’ tia kan invuah hnuah phei hi chuan an intih Mizo lohna chhantur awmin a lang lo. Chuti chung pawha an la inti Mizo duh lo a nih pawhin kan tlawnna tur emaw, an hming pual bika duhsakna kan pek phahna tur awmin a lang lo. Mizoram chu Mizote tan a ni hmasaber tur a ni.)
Chakma hote chu non-Lushais a chhiar an nih avangin House Tax pawh Rs 5/- an pe bik reng a ni.
iv) Tin, Chakma ho chu ramdang mi (Non-Indigenous) anga ngaih an nih avangin leh an lo pun tual tual si avangin khaw hmun leh in hmun pek chungchangah pawh nasa taka khuahkhirh bik an ni. Hemi chungchanga E.S Hyde, Superintendent South Lushai Hills in kum 1944 a a thu chhuahah hian a chiang khawp mai. Hetiangin:-

CHAKMA SETTLEMENT IN SOUTH LUSHAI HILLS
The following principles will be observed in dealing with the Chakma (and Tipera) settlements and bastis in South Lushai Hills:-
1. Owing to the large number of Chakma now settled in South Lushai Hills, most of whom have considerable families, no further application for settlement will be considered but for the most exceptional reasons.
2. No passes for separate houses will be considered except where the applicant is :- (a) The grown up married son of a Chakma who had settled for at least ten years in the Lushai Hills. The grown married grandson of such a settler.
In both these cases, the applicant himself must also be a permanent resident of the Lushai Hills. Passes for daughters will not be considered. If these marry outside Chakma, they must go to their husband’s village. If they marry Lushai Chakma the husband will be covered by the rules above.

3. The site of each Chakma bastis will be decided by the chief in consultation with the Karbari, and will be reported to the circle Interpreter. The site will not be changed without the permission of the Sub-Divisional Officer or Superintendent. The name of the Karbari with the location of the basti will be reported for record in this office.

4. The bastis shall consist of not less than 15 houses which are to be concentrated in a village site,or along a lane which shall not be more than half a mile long. No dwelling shall be built outside this site,other than jhum houses and granaries,etc.

5. The Chakma will make and maintain throughout the year a footpath from their basti to the Chief Village.

6. The Rules about jhums on the river banks will be strickly observed, and order this office will be obtained before any departure is made from this rule.

7. Chief will be responsible for the general control of the Chakmas in their ‘ram’. They will normally work through the Karbari who will be removable on the recommendation of the Chief if he is found to be either ineffective, or of bad character.

8. Mass movement of a whole or the large part of the basti from one Chief’s ‘ram’ to another will require the prior sanction of the Sub-Divisional Officer or Superintsndent. Individual shifting of ‘Pemming’ of houses snd families will be allowed as Lushai villages”.
Dated, Lunglei
the 21st March 1994
Sd/- E.S. Hyde,
Superintendent, South Lushai Hills.

Hemi chhunzawmna ang deuh hian Superintendent of Lushai Hills chuan kum 1949 khan order dang a siam leh a:
Extract from the Inspection note of Superintendent, Lushai Hills, on SDO’s office, Lungleh:
“(2) Chakma and Tripura Register: No new passes are being issued. These people are foreigners, and I do not see any reason why they should pay tax at the foreigners’ rate of Rs.5/- each. Taxes must be realized at this rate from 1950-51. Mr. Hydes order dated 21st March 1944 should be re-published from both Lungleh and Aijal. All Chiefs and C.Is should be asked to report the names of Chakmas and Tripuras who entered the District in violation of that order after1944. This list must reach me by 31-1-50. Any chief who does not report the infiltration of Chakmas and Triptiuras to their ‘rams’ will be dealt with severely. All chiefs should be warned accordingly.”
No.10385G/11-7 of 2-12-49
Extract to Officer, i/c Housetax for doing the needful.
For Superintendent, Lushai Hills.

India Independent hnu thleng pawh khan hun engemawti chhung chu sawrkar chuan Chakma khuahkhirna dan chu a keng kawh zel a. Mizo District Counvil din fel hnu lawkah hetiang hian D.C. Aijal chuan order a chhuah leh a;-
Standing order No. 5 of 1954
“It is hereby notified for information and strict compliance by all chiefs and headmen in the Lushai Hills District that no new influx of Chakmas and Tripuras will be allowed without the prio permission in writting of the Deputy Commissioner, Lushai Hills.
Serious notice will be taken if any chief/headman fails to report the names and perticulars of new arrivals (Chakmas and Tripuras) in his jurisdiction.”
Sd/-
Deputy Commissioner of Lushai Hills
Memo. No.GP.21/54/52,
Dated, Aijal the 2nd July,1954.
Chakma te hi engtia Mizoram khua leh tui (citizen) lo ni ta nge an nih?
British hun lai kha chuan Chakma homeland a kan ngaih ber Arakan leh Chittagong Hill Tract te pawh kha India ram ang thovin British Empire rorelna hnuaiah an awm ve a. Chutichuan, India indan laia India ram chhunga Chakma lo awm nghet (refugee ni lo) ho kha chu India citizen anga ngaih an ni ta mai. Mizoram chhunga lo inbengbel tawh Chakma te pawh kha Mizoram khua leh tui angin kan pawm zui ta a ni mai.

Mizo tam tak pawh Burma rama rin luh chin a lo chengsa te kha chu Burma citizen an lo ni mai ang deuh hi a ni ang. Amaherawh chu, India indan hnua phalna nei lova a ruk arala rawn pemlut te erawh hi chu thliar hran ngei ngei an ţul ta a ni. Tuna Mizorama Mizote aia tam daih hi Chakma ho Chittagong Hill Tract leh Arakan ah te an awm a. India indan hnua lo lut te pawh Mizoram khua leh tui anga kan lo pawm zel mai chuan dan kalh a nih bakah Mizo hnam tan a la pawi thui hle thei ang.

Mizorama Chakma te lo pun dan leh pun chhan:
Kan sawi tak ang khan tun hma deuh British hunlai thleng pawh khan tuna Mizoram chhunga Chakma ho awmna zawng zawng saw, Mizo Lalte ram vek a ni a. Ram ala thawl em avangin Chakmaho te chu permit pein, condition awm thlapin, an lo awm hawh tir a ni. Tax pawh ram dang mi anga pek tir an ni kan tih tawh kha.

Heti taka sap hovin kan Mizoram min lo humhalhsak an tumna rilru kha a zahawmin a ropui teh lul nen, India an indan khan kan ram hruaitu hmasa ten chhunzawm nachang an hre ta lo ni a lang hi a pawi khawp mai. Tichuan, kum 1953-a Mizo District Council hmasa berin chhiahkhawnna dan a siam ‘Lushai Hills District (Revenue assessment) Regulation, 1953.’ Chuan Chakma te pawh chu thliar hrang tawh lovin House tax pawh Rs 2/- pek a phal sak ta a ni. India indan tirha Assam Scheduled Tribe List, 1950 a siamah chuan Chakma telh an nih loh laiin kum 1956 a Assam Scheduled Tribe List siam thatah chuan Chakma te chu telh an ni ve tan ta bawk a. (Vide Govt. of India, Ministry of Law, Notification No. SRO. 2477-A dated 29th/10th/1956, and published by the Govt. of Nagaland Vide Notification No. TAD/BC/1/55 dated 25th-1st-1957). Hei hi Mizoramin kum 1972 a UT kan lo nih pawh khan kan chhawm chho ta zel mai a ni.

British hovin India khawmualpui an han ţin san khan Chakma te tana vanduaithlak takin an Homeland-ah te hian minority nihna an chang ta a. Myanmar leh Bangladesh te hi India ram anga minority te humhalh kawnga ngilnei lah bengvar an nih loh avangin harsatna tamtak an tawk ta a ni. Mahni puala inrelbawlna khawl (Council) angte pek chu sawi loh, tihduhdah leh hmasawnna kawng a hlamchhiah chu an chan tawk a ni a mai a. Hei hi India rama refugee an rawn tlan luh vak vak na chhan pawh hi a ni. India hmarchhakah chuan Mizoram, Tripura leh Arunachal Pradesh-ahte Chakma engemawzat an rawn lut ta reng a. Tripura a awm tam zawk leh Arunachal Pradesh ah awm zawng zawngte hi ‘refugee’ anga chhiar leh chhinchhiah an nih laiin Mizoram, an rawn luh tamna berah chuan tumah refugee anga chhiar emaw chhinchhiah emaw an awmlo ni in alang. Hei pawh hi Mizo mipui leh hruaitute kan lo inthlahdah vang em ni ang aw…?

iii) Chutia Chakma-ho te chu anmahni Homeland ah pawh awm \ha hlei thei lova an siam lai chuan Mizoramah chuan ‘Refugee’ ang pawh a chhiar lem lovin kan luh tir hmiah hmiah mai niin a lang. Kan Politician thenkhatte lahin ‘Vote bank’ ang leka ngaiin an lo tlawn zawk mah emaw tih tur a ni. Autonomous District Council te pek an lo nih zel takah phei chuan British hunlai a an mikhualna ramah hian ‘ram neitu’ nihna an lo chang ve ta; a tih theih ta hial mai. Tichuan, tunlai khawvela Chakma ten an mahni hminga inrelbawlna khawl(Council) an neihna awmchhun chu Mizoram hi an ni rih mai awm e. (Tunhnaiah khan Bangladeshin pek ve an in tiam a, Tripura refugee thlem hawn nan an hmang a. Mahse, a tak erawh chuan a la thleng lo). Tichuan, Mizoram chu Chakma hote huangtau ngamna ber UT hial pawh an dilna ngamna ram awmchhun a lo nita a. Hei hi Chakma-ho Mizorama an lo punna chhan ber chu a ni.
iv) Mizorama Chakma te lo punchak dan record thenkhat atanga kan hmuh theihte chu hengte hi a ni:-
Year Chakma population Growth Rate%
1901 198 –
1911 302 52
1921 680 125
1931 836 22
1941 5,088 508
1951 11,435 124
1961 19,327 69
1971 22,392 16
1981 39,905 78
Tunah hian an mahni Chakma ho sawidan chuan Mizoramah mi 80,000/- vel awm tawha ngaih a ni.
Chakma ten UT an dil chungchang:
Chakma-hoten Mizoram leilung aţang ngeia anmahni puala UT neih an dil, Rajya Sabha Committee on petititions in an lo re commened thei mai kha Zofaten mak kan tiin min barakhaih hle a.
Chakma-hote hian keini Mizo ai hian Politics leh diplomacy an lo thiam ta zawk em ni chu aw…? Tih mai pawh awl a ni. Kha Committee khan tuna Chakma District Council huamchin saw zauh leh a, Chakma-hote tan UT pek an rawt bakah hnial fung mak angreng tak mai an rawn la chhuak a: “Chakma-hote homeland Arakan leh Chittagong Hill Tract te hi India ram chhungah lo rin luh ni ta sela chuan heng; Chakma te pawh India Citizen an lo ni mai dawn a. Chuvangin, duat tak leh dimdawih taka en tur an ni e,” an rawn ti kha ani ber a. Kan ngaihtuahna tihzauh nan kan rilruah heng zawhna te hi lo in zawt chhin ila:-

Mizoramah hian India Citizen dik tak a chhiar theih; Chakma engzat nge awma an hriat? Nge, Chakma hovin anmahni zat nia an inchhal apiang kha an pawm maiin, India Citizen vekah an ngai nghal bawk?

Chakma-hote chu tuna an Autonomous District chhungah sawn an len tawh loh vang em ni? An ram zauhsak an rawtna chhan kha? Nge, tuna Chakma District Council pawn lamah sawn Chakma ram emaw, ram ruak pek belh mai tur remchang an va hmu chhuak em ni zawk?

Chakma-hote hian homeland mumal vak an neih loh avangin Mizoram chhungah hian a zau thei ang ber ram lo hauh sak a, UT pek an tum zawk em ni?

Bangladesh te pawh khu India ramah lo tel ve chu nise; tuna Bengali Muslim-ho Assam rama rawn tlanlut zawng zawngte pwh hi Indian citizen an lo ni ve tho dawn a. Anniho pawh hi Assam atangin UT pakhat pek chu an phu ve thovin an hria em?

Vanneihthlak takin heng; zawhnate hi chhan ngai rih lovin Home Ministry chuan Rajya Sabha Committee on Petitions rawtna chu a lo hnawl ta rih a. Mahse, nakin lawkah an la rawn chawk tho leh lovang tih a sawi theih hauh loh.Kan ram leh hnam humhalh tur hian kan inbuatsaih reng a ngai tih i hria ang u.

Chakma Autonomous District Council:
Chakmaho-British hunlaia kan rama mikhual chamrei anga lo awm hawh ve mai mai thin ten Mizoram leilung chhung ngei a Autonomous District Council,-‘khua leh tui nihna mai baka a tir atanga ram neitu (indigenous inhabitant) nihna keng tel thei’ an lo nei ta mai hi chu thilmak a tling a. He thil hi ram neitu Mizo mipuite min rawn lo leh parliament pawhin hriatpui lohva vai Officer lian hovin dan ang pawh ni lova an lo pek mai niin a lang. He Chakma District Council lo piandan leh chumi a thil fello tam tak inphum ţeuh nia ka hriatte chu kumin(1998)a Central YMA lehkhabu chhuah “Ram leh Hnam Humhalh” ah khan kimchang fe in ka ziak tawh a.Tun tumah hi chuan sawi nawn tawh lo mai ila. Thil pakhat sawibelh ngai erawh chu awmin ka hria.

Engvangin nge khatih laia kan vai officer liante khan Chakma-ho kha an duhsak em em a, dan leh hrai pawh pawisa zo tawh lova District Council pek tuma hma an lak vak mai le? Mipui awptu hmasa British Officer ten nen chuan an Policy a va inpersan ta ve? A chhan a awm tih ringin politics lamah kan hranghluite ka zawt kual a. An sawidan tlangpui chu hetiang hian a ni: “Khatih lai kha Mizo buai vanglai a ni a. Chakma ho te khan Mizo sipai te kha an ngai thei lovin an khuaah pawh awmhmun an khuartir phal ngai lova. Sawrkar tan Intelligence lakna tha tak an ni mai a. Chuvangin, Mizo hnam sipai te chet velna dal thei turin Bangladesh ramri hrul zai zai thui tak huamin Chakma Autonomous District Council Kha pek an ni ta a ni” tiin an sawi deuh ber. Hei hi a dik ngei pawh a rinawm. Zofate tan he District Council hi a ngeiawm em em nachhan pakhat chu a ni.

Amaherawh chu keimahni sawrkar ngei kum 25 kan neih tawh hnu pawh a he District Council paih tura hmalakna mumal engmah kan la nei lo leh kan rorel khawl(Legislative Assembly) pawhin hemi hawi zawnga Resolution takngial pawh an la pass thei lo/ngam lo hi chu a zahthlak a, Zofate politic lam a hlawhchhamna lian tak niin ka hria. Mizote hi ram leh hnam humhalhna kawngah hian kan lo harhchhuak har lu deuh niin a lang. Kumin Central Y.M.A in ‘Ram leh Hnam Humhalh kum’ an rawn puan tak aţang tal hi chuan i harhchhuak ve tawh teh ang u. Kan sawrkar leh rorel khawl pawh hian sawi thamin hma han la ve tawh se ka van ti em……!!
“Harh la, harh la, Zoram i tlai ang e, Tho la, tho la, ke in lo ding ta che; Tho rawh hun ţha a liam hma hian.”