LEO TOLSTOY THUKHAWCHANG

LEO TOLSTOY THU KHAWCHANG 

~Familia Fanai Laltansanga 

Khawvela thuziak thiam zingah chuan Russian lal chhungkaw zinga mi Leo Tolstoy hi ka ngaisang ber mai a, a thawnthu ropui ber pahnih nia an sawi War and Peace (1869) leh Anna Karenina (1877) te hi chu, zep thu a cheng lo va, ka kawl reng a, ka chhiar chhuak thei thlawt lo a ni, a sei lutuk a! Childhood, Boyhood, and Youth (1852–1856) hi chu ka duh tawp a, vawi duailo ka chhiar chhuak tawh a. Hei aia ka duh, ka awmna apianga ka chhawm chu Toystoy’s Bible an tih mai ‘The Twenty-Three Tales” hi a ni a. Ka duh mai pawh a ni lo va, ka ngaina em em mai a, ‘The Kingdom of God Is Within You’ (1894) phei hi chu India ram hnampa Mahatma Gandhi leh Martin Luther King, Jr te non-violence ngaihdan nei tura kaihruaitu a lo ni reng mai. Tirhkoh Paula khan a hringhranin Lal Isua kha hmu lo mah se, a thu zirtir laimu a man chiang a, a puangchhuak thiam em em ang bawk khan Leo Tolstoy hian Lal Isua zirtirna laimu hi mawlmang takin a sawifiah thiam em em mai a, ka ei zawng tak hian a ziak thiam a ni. 

1828 kuma piang, 1910 kuma boral ta Leo Tolstoy hi Russia lal chhungkaw thlah a ni a, ram zau tak leh chhiahhlawh ‘serfs’ tam tak nei, mi lian chhungkua atanga seilian a ni a, a tlangval lai chuan mahni lu zo lutuk mah mah, mipat hmeichhiat kawng pawha serh leh sang nei lova zu leh sa leh nula sir tlukpui ve rawih ching, mi rikrap ching, insual hrat khawkheng, silaia inkaha mi cho ching a ni ve ṭhin a.

‘Indonaah pawh mi engemaw zat ka kap hlum tawh a, thih thlenga inbei (duel) turin mi eng emaw zat ka cho tawh bawk a, pawisa khelh ka hrat a, sum ka khawhral nasa, ka chhiahhlawhten thi leh thau pawlha kawla nichhuak chiar a an hnathawh hlawhte ka lo chenral mai mai tawh thin a, ka chhiahhlawhte na tak taka hrem turin an chungah ro ka lo rel tawh thin a, ka nun a khawlo va, mi tam tak ka bum bawk a ni, chutiang reng reng chuan ka nun hi kum 10 tal tap chu ka lo hmang sual tawh thin a ni,” a ti.

Chungril nun bawlhhlawh leh tenawm zawng zawng atang chuan inthliar fihlimin lal chhungkua a nihnate zawi zawia paihthla zelin nun zahawm, nun dik leh nungchang ṭha neih lamah siamtharlehna changin a mawlmang thei ang bera nungin nun zahawm tak hlutzia a pawchhuak thei ta a, an lenrual hlui te mak tih khawpin a nun a inthlakthleng thei a ni. Khawvel ropuina leh sum leh pai itna te a hnuchhawn ta vek a, Lal Isua zirtirna-ah hian a chiang thar ta em em a, Lal Isua zirtirna te zawm thei turin thawnthu mawl leh zirtirhna nei tha tak tak a ziak a ziak ta a, a nupui leh a chhungte chuan chung a thuziak rohlu atang sum hmuh an beisei laiin a ni erawh chuan mi rethei zawkte’n a thlawnin chhiar thei vek se a, duh em em a, chuvangin a hun tawp lamah an chhungkaw nun leh nupa nun a khawlo sakso zo ta vek a.Mahni inlum atanga tei chhuakin khawvawt takah vurin a hmet hlum ta a ni.

Engtinge he mi ropui hi keini kristiante’n a lova engmah ti thei lo anga kan sawi thlarau thinghlim tel lo hian a nun a thlakthleng theih bik chu le? I lo zirho dawn teh ang.

1. THINLUNG INHAWNG MI A NI

Leo Tolstoy vanneihna leh a thil thlawn pek dawn ropui tak mai chu a thil tawn hriat leh a thil zir atanga a ngaihdan thlakthleng duhna rilru a nei hi a ni kan ti thei awm e. Kum 1850 chho bawla Crimean indona-a mihring nunna hlu tam tak tihborala a awm lai mit ngeia hmutu a ni a,indona leh tharum thawhna hian thil tha a tichhuak lo tih hi thupuiah a neih phah ta hial a ni. 1857 kum vela Paris khawpuia mi tam tak lutan bunna khawla an bu an tan bung lai leh an bu tanbunte bawmchhunga awm reiruih a hmuhte chuan a ngaihdan a thlaktir ta hmiah a. State hi phiarrutu a lo ni thei tih ngaidan a nei ta a, State hian dan a siam a, mi lian leh thiltitheite hmakhua ngaiin a dan siam chuan mi rethei dai kil kara mite thiam loh chantirin tual an that ta chiam thin niin a ngai ta a. Eng sorkar hnuaiah mah hna ka thawk tawh lo vang tiin chhia a chham ta hial a ni.

2. MI DANGTE HRIATTHIAMNA NEI MI A NI

Lal chhungkaw zinga mi ni mah se, Leo Tolstoy hian a mit leh beng a len a, midangte hriatthiamna a nei thei tlat hi mi danglam bik a nihna a ni a, mi rilru tha leh thianghlim tak a ni kan ti thei awm e. 1860 kum vel daih atang tawh khan an rama cheng mi hnuaihnung leh a sal kuthnathawktute thawnhnaw ang ha-in an zingah hna a thawk ve a, an in leh lote a sakpui thin a ni. A sal leh a chhiahhlawhte a ngai nep ngai lova, an bula chen nuam a ni a, khawpuia intichangkang leh mi zahawm pui pui bula awm aiin mi hnuaihnungte bula khawsak hian an nihna dik tak leh an retheihzia a hriatchian theih a ni tih ngaidan nei mi a ni. Mi ngilnei tak,hmangaihna ngah mi leh zaidam tak a ni.

3. MIHRING A NGAI PAWIMAWH BER

 Khawvel pumhuapa thu leh hla thiam elkhen mi hmingthang a nih tawh hnu pawhin mi hnuaihnung zawkte chhamdawlnan a hun a hmang thei tlat mai hian mi tha tak a nihzia a lantir kan ti thei bawk ang. Kum 1873 khan Russia ramah tam nasa tak a tla hlauh mai a,Leo toystol chuan a thawnthu ropui Anna Karenina a ziak lai mek kum khat teh tlawng chawlhsanin ril tam mang-ang mei alh en hmabakte chhawmdawlna leh tanpui nan a hun hlu tak a hmang ral a ni. A chhungkhat laina hnaite leh a thiante chuan a thawnthu ziak a chawlhsan ta mi chu atthlak an ti hle a, a ni erawh chuan ka suangtuahnaa a changtute chanchin ka ziak aiin heng mi chanhaite tanpui hi ka tihmakmawkhah ka ngai lo thei lo a ni, a ti. 1891 kum tampui mitthi an tuar tum pawh khan kum 2 chhung thuziak chawlhsanin mi chaihaite tan vehbur khawnin a hun a hmang a ni. Khawvela thuziak thiam ber chuan a vanglai hun kum 3 chu mi chanhaite tanpui nan a pe tawp a nih chu!

4. KHAWSAK AWLSAM LEH THA LEH MAWL, ZAHAWM SI NUN

Kum1870 chho bawr vela rilru lam harsatna namen lo tak a tuar hnu atang khan khawvel sakhua reng reng hi a hnuchhawn ta vek a, a seilenna Orthodox kohhran ngei pawh chhuahsanin Lal Isua zirtirna laimu khehfilha thlarau lam nuna khah leh khawvela intihropui tumna lam reng reng atanga inlakhran a duh ta zawk a. Zu a nghei a, meizial zuk a bansan a, sa a ei tawh lo bawk a. A duhthusam ram leh khawtlang thil neih intawmtlang vek na ram din a duh ta hial a. He a ngaihdan hian Mahatma Gandhi pawh a hnen hle mai a, 1910 kum khan Ashram pakhat Tolstoy Farm tih chu a din phah ta hial reng a ni.

Helai thu hi han bawlphuan deuh ta ila;

Lal Isua zirtirna ring leh zui theuh theuh pawl pawl rilru hi a lo lian thei hle mai a, a zirtirna laimu bosal ţhak khawp hian pawl,denomination-ah hian ţha hnem a lo ngaih theih viau mai hi a lo ni a,Pharisai ho khan dan an ziah belh zel a, an dan chu mi mit hmuha mawi hawih-ah an hmang a, an thinlung chu a thianghlim lo ta hle ang khan keini kum 100 lek kohhran kalphungah pawh hian tihdanphung ( ritual practices) hi pathian angin chibai kan buk ka zawk emaw ni aw! tih theihna lai tam tak a lo awm ta a ni. Kohhran kan sawiselna a ni lo va, Mizo hnam tan kohhran pawimawhzia hi sawiin a siak lo a ni hrim a, mihring tlem nak alaia pawl leh pawl rilru kan la lian ta lutuk hi chu setana thangah kan in-awk chiang khawpin a lang a ni.

Zoram khawvar pawlin hian chu lai chu an sawi thawi fia fia-in a lang a, Pu Saikhuma inlarna an dawnsawn dan leh an hrilhfiah dan-ah thu thar puakchhuah tur ka hmu lo. Hmana mi bawk kha a ngai reng a la ni.Inlarna hi chunglam thil pek dawng lo tan chuan hrilhfiah chi pawh a ni lo va,miin an dawnga an sawi a nih chuan a tha e! Aquarium chhunga sangha, Lal Isua mawina pholang turin a tui, Mizoram hi a thianghlim a pawimawh ang bawkin mi zawng zawng hi thianghlim vek tura thlan leh ruat kan ni lem lo bawk!

Tolstoy chuan helai kan thu chai mek Lal Isua thulaimu hi Two Old Man-ah khan a rawn ziak ngaihnawm hle a.( 23 Tales of Leo Tolstoy tih bu kha lehkhabu hlui dawr-ah Kyat 10/- in ka lei a, HK Bawichhuaka ziak Nun Dan nen hian nun kaihruaitu ka lehkhabu roh ber an ni hlen ta! Khawvela novel tha ber-a an sawi Tolstoy ziak War & Peace leh Anna Anna Karenina te hi hman nuna chhiarah ka ti a thangkhat lian zek ka kawl tawh a, ka la chhiar chhuak hman ta law!)

Putar pahnih Efima leh Elisha te chu Jerusalem ngei-ah Pathian chibai buk turin an thawkchhuak ta a, kawngah rei tak an thang hmu chuan Elisha chuan khaw pakhata dam lo chhungkua,chhuan chham mei alh en, dam lohnain a tlakbuak mekte enkawlin a chhawndawl a, a enkawl dam hnu-ah an intundunna tur a ngaihtuahsak ta vek a.A pawisa a hman tam avangin Jerusalema thlenna tur a nei daih ta lo va, Pathian chibai buk thei lovin lunghnur takin a haw leh ta poh va!

A thianpa Efima erawh chu Jerusalem a thleng thei a, Isua sulhnute tlawh chhuak dapin Holy Sepulchre-ah chuan mipui tam tak hma-ah Elisha chu Pathian chibai bukin a hmu tlat mai a, mi an tam em avagin an inbo leh a.chutiang reng reng chuan a kalna apiang-a a hma-ah Elisha chu a hmu fo ta mai a. Mak a ti hle a. A haw kawngah a thian pa chawlhna ni-a a hriat in chhe takah chuan a chawl lut a.Chu mite chhung chuan an mikhual an dam loh laia rawn kantu kha Patian vantirhkoh a nih an rin thu leh rawng a bawlsak dan zawng zawng mai chu hahipin an lo sawi a. Efima chuan zan a mutna-ah thil awmdan chu a ngaihtuah vang vang a, ‘Jerusalema Pathian chibai buka ka kal hi Pathianin min pawmsak em ka hre lo va, ka thian pa rawngbawldan chu Pathian chibai bukna dik tak, Pathian pawmtlak a lo ni ngei e” tiin a ngaihtuahchhuak ta a ni.

5. HMANGAIHNA KARA INDONA

Chutianga nun zalen leh tha din a tumna lamah chuan inbeihna leh indona hmachhawn tho a lo ngai leh a. Mi rethei te hmangaihna thu sawitu chu lal chhungkaw zinga mi a nih miau avangin in tha takah chhiahhlawh tam tak nen nuam sa-in a khawsa thei bik si a. Kum 1890 chho vel atang khan a nupui fanaute rem tih loh chung chungin a thu leh hla chhut phalna chu ama mimal hlawkna atang hmang tawh lovin a duh apiang tan chhutchuah theih turin a phalrai ta mai a, an chhungkaw boruak a sat phah ta em em a ni.

6. KUT HNATHAWH NGAISANG MI

Rilru leh taksa a inbuk tawka hman thiam hi thil tha ngaihtuahchhuah theihna hmanraw pawimawh tak a ni tih hria-in mi lian chhungkua atanga seilian leh khawvel pum huap mite ngaihsan em em ni mahse,Tolstoy hian a kawlawm dah tha-in leilet-ah hna a thawk fo mai a. thuziak mite leh chanchinbu mite’n tum khat an tlawh tum pawhin a pheikhawk a mah ngeiin a lo siamtha lai an va phawk a ni. India ram hnampa mahatma Gandhi te nen khan rilru thuhmun pu mi an ni a,mahni kutkawih thil siam an ngaihlu em em a, mawl taka khawsak a,thu ril tak tak ngaihtuah chhuaha mipuite tan lei hringnun zawh dan kawng dik leh tha puanchhuah leh zirtir an thiam em em a ni.

THU TLANGKAWMNA

Tolstoy nun atanga zir tur tha tak chu hetiang hian a hmawr han bawk dawn ta ila. Rul leh rul pawhin an ke an inhmuhsak thei tih an sawi thin a, mahni ngaihdan mil pui deuh hlir hi kan lo kawm thin a,chutiang khawvelah chauh chuan kan taksa leh rilru leh ngaihtuahna te a lo awm thin avangin kan khawvel kha a lo zim ta em em mai a, kan ngaihdan chu dik vek emaw kan ti ta thin a lo ni. Thingthupui rim na tak pawh tui ti em emin kan ei thei a, Japan rama Mizo han awmte tan pawh a rep talin an la inthawn hram hram thin a ni.

Tolstoy chu lal chhungkua atang seilian leh thuziak thiam lutuk mi vantlang chunga leng ni mahse mi hnuaihnung berte dinhmun hre thiamthei turin an peikhawk a a bun ve chhin a, an ngaihtuah leh engto zawng pawh a man thei turin an mar a dek a, a khawvel thlir dan pawh a thlakthleng theih phah ta a ni. Communist revolution awm tura a meisi chhem alhtu Maxim Gorky-te pawh khan Russia ram retheihzia leh lal ban an phutna leh engtia hmalak tur nge tih an rawn pawhin Tolstoy chuan thisen chhuah zawng leh tharum thawh zawnga chet kha a duh ngai lo reng reng a ni. Russia lal chhungkua pawh that mang vektu Communist kulhpui a chim hnu hian Leo Tolstoy hi lo tho leh ta se, Gorky hnenah chuan, “ Kha maw! ka tih reng kha!” a tih ka ring hial a ni.

Chawngkhum dan tlang huat loh han ti ta ila; PC vanglaia an ruhzia kan hria a, an mah ni leh an mahni hlir an party chakzia an sawi an sawi a, mi dang sawi an ring duh bawk si lo va, anmahni sawi chu anmahnikhan an awi tak tak a, ruh takin an ral riai riai ta mai kha a ni a. Pu Zauthauva’n thereng angin an thawm a ring a, anmahni an te hle si a tihte, YMA no angin hlawh lawr an ni a,an kir a piangin no tlang a hek thin a tih fiamthute pawh kha dikna chen a awm a ni.

Chutiang deuh chiah chuan Mizote hi ram kilkhawr taka hnam tlemte khawsa kan ni a, kan reading habit hi a chhe em em mai a, mawi leh tha leh fing hi kan inti em em mai a. eleven day vanglai khan inkhawmpuina-ah mi 5 zinga 3-in eleven day puan thui kawr kan ha a, Hara jean ram pum huapin kan ha leh a,Kungfu shoes kan bun deuh vek bawk. Aluminium filter kan intihmuh leh a, tunlai tak hian In sakthat,biak in sak ropui leh lirthei changkang neih kan intihmuh leh mek a ni.Mahni mimal ngaihdan nei hrang deuh hi chu kan khawhran se en hu zel.

L.Keivoma’n thliarkar rilru a tih kha kan la pu vek a,kan zirchhuah leh kan hriat aia tam hi titi phunglengin kan sawi kan sawi a,kan pawt kan pawt a Hnam fing hmasa Greek-ho ang khan mahni chek mil lo deuh thu leh hla te, kan ril rem lo zawng deuh ngaihdan te pawh kan zir ve zel a hun ta hle a ni. Tuichhunchhuah chhia, tui tichip chep awmnaa uchang khan a dil chu lian hle-ah a ngai a, a aia zau tuifinriat a awm theih a ring lo. Chutih rualin thliarkar rilru kan nei hi kan hnam leh sakhaw him nan a pawimawh leh hle rih lawi si a ni.