The Iron Curtain

 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐈𝐑𝐎𝐍 𝐂𝐔𝐑𝐓𝐀𝐈𝐍

(𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐅𝐚𝐥𝐥 𝐨𝐟 𝐔𝐒𝐒𝐑)

𝑪. 𝑳𝒂𝒍𝒕𝒉𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒑𝒖𝒊𝒂 

𝑻𝒉𝒆 𝑰𝒓𝒐𝒏 𝑪𝒖𝒓𝒕𝒂𝒊𝒏 an tih mai Union of Soviet Socialist Republic (USSR), Soviet Union kan tih mai 1922 atanga USSR hnuaia in kharkhip te chu 1991 khan thendarh in an lo awm ta a. 

He Soviet Union (USSR) ram zau lutuk mai, Europe khawmualpui chhimlam ram zawng zawng huap vek khawp a zau, ram chak leh ropui, global super power chu kum 70 lek a upa niin a vanglai taka a tluchhe ta tlat mai kha, a chhan hrang hrang han thai dawn teh ang.

Mikhail Gorbachev, Soviet Union President hnuhnung ber ni ta kha i zawt anih ngat chuan "Soviet Union thendarh anih chhan chu Chernobyl nuclear power plant disaster vang ani e" tiin a chhang ngei ang che, a chhan chu kha nuclear power plant disaster atanga kum 20 liam ta 2006-a a ram tlukchhiat chhan an zawh khan Chernobyl vang chiah khan ani ati miau alawm.

April 26, 1986 a Chernobyl nuclear a chhiatna rapthlak tak a chhuah khan Gorbachev chuan May 14, 1986 khan a vawikhat nan public speech anei a, a lâp thei ang bera puang zarin khawvel lakah khan in thup mam tum em em in khawthlang ram te dawt sawi ah a puh nasa mai a, mahse nuclear zungzam radio-active nasa lutuk avanga nghawng lo chhuak zel chu a ni têlin thup rual loh in a lo lang chhuak ta zel si a. He radio active zungzam hi Hiroshima a nuclear bomb an thlak a radio active zungzam darh ai khan a let zali (400) zet a chak ni miau hek le! 

Mipuiin thudik an han hre chho zel a, an sorkarin mipuite hriat loh thil thup leh zep an ngah zia, dawt a ram an hruai dan zawng zawngte leh chumi phena an ram hotute corrupt lutuk hnuaia an lo kun nasat zia te 'Glasnost policy' atang ten an chhui chhuak ve zel bawk a.

'Glasnost policy' hi Gorbachev a policy duan niin a tum chu freedom of speech, press & religion te zau zawk a kalpui ani a, langtlang sorkar din a mipui te zalen taka an nun theih nan ani ber. He policy hmang hian sorkar chu thu thup thei lovin mipuiin an nawr ta hlauh zawk a an hriatloh tur tha tha an hriat phah ta hi Gorbachev-a USSR tan zawng pawi tak ani. A sawi ang hian Chernobyl chhiatna kha thlenglo se la chuan mipui kha an harh kher lo maithei ani.

He policy chauh hi nilovin policy dang Goverchev a duan tho 'Parestroika' polcy a awm ve leh a, a tum chu New economic system, tuna China sorkar in a kalpui ang, mixture of communist & capitalist structure niin khawvel ramdangte nena in sumdawnna lam chak taka a kalpui a ram hausa zawk din anih bakah multi party system a election neih mipui te duhthlan theihna pek te ani a, democracy lam a awn hian communist thurin chu a ti derthawng ta tlat zawk a, Policy tha tak anga a ngai hi a tisual dêr thung. Mipuiten sorkar tluchhe mek leh thahrui zal mek an hmu pha ta tlat mai a, sorkar ah rinna an nghat ngamlo ta telh telh hlauh thung. Indopui II na ah khan che tha viau mahse an rorel dan policy a that loh avangin Soviet Union chu economic ah a hniam ani telin a hniam tual tual mai bawk si.

1970 chho khan hma an sawn tan leh dawn chauh tih in Afghanistan buaiah inrawlh leh in a rûn ta hial a, tuna US ang hian a lo thlawn in sum an seng leh ta vak a, a ram mipuiten he communist sorkar hnuaia awm reng hi an ning tawh tak zet ani. 

Theihtawp in sorkar pawh han in sangmar thin mahse an hmalam hun thim tak chuan a rawn tuam mup mup lo thei ta silo a, 1989 a lo nih meuh chuan Warsaw pact hnuaia Soviet Union thawhpui ram Yugoslavia, Czechoslavakia leh Poland te chuan Warsaw pact chhuah san in mahni a tlat hran an rel ta nge nge a, a communist thian Romania etc te pawh a kangkai a, East Germany te pawh West Germany nen a pumkhat ni leh turin Berlin Wall chhutchhiata khawthlang lam ram democracy ram nih an lo tum chho ta zel a. USSR chhung ah ngei hnam leh hnam (ethnic violence) kar thu a lo buai chho nghal zel a, siam that tum lam reng an rilru ah alang pha tawhlo. An economic tundin leh USSR darh mai tur ven nan Gorbachev chuan khawthlang lam ram USA etc te nen thawh ho a thiantha a insiam tumin tan a la a, US nen a nuclear arm race an neih pawh withdraw a tiam a, tin khawvel ram hrang hranga sipai a dah te pawh tih tlem vek. Afghanistan atanga millitary in hnuhdawh te tiam mahse USA rinna a hlawh chhuak zo chuang lo. Hengte avang hian Warsaw pact-a a thurualpui ram te chuan innghahna tlak an ta lo tih an hre chiang tulh tulh lek zawk si a. USSR President hmasa zawk Stalin kha chuan khatih hunlai khan ralthuam leh sipai ropui neih phawta a dawt ah economic chu ngaihtuah chauh tur tih kha a kalpui a, a hunlai kha chuan dik pawh adik reng a, mahse Gorbachev a 'Parestroika' policy ve thung hi chuan millitary lam hnuchhawn in economic lam a hawi thut mai si a, khatih hunlai a pawimawh 'sipai chak tak neih' kha a hlamchhiah tlat a. 1985 a 5.3 million sipai nei kha 1989 ah chuan 2.7 million pawh an pha ta lo reng a.

Mipuiten buaina chawk chhuak in Communist party opposition ten sorkar paihthlak 'Coup' an tum bawk nen Soviet Union chuan a darkar hnuhnung ber chu a hmang lo thei ta lo ani.

Dec 25, 1991. President Mikhail Gorbachev chuan khawvel hma ah "USSR is no more" (USSR ni a kin ta) tiin a puang ta ani.

Zan dar 7:32pm a lo nih chuan Soviet flag chu lak thlak niin Russian Federation flag chu Kremlin building chhip ah chuan a phe ta hlap hlap a. 

Note: Map ka dah hi USSR map ani a, hemi bakah hian Warsaw Pact hnuaia an sangawizawnpui ram Czechoslovakia, Poland, East Germany, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Albania te an la awm. 

Warsaw Pact hi USSR a keh darh hma July ni 1, 1991 khan formal taka thiah ani. 

(Zirlai naupang tan history hi hriat a pawimawh thin khawp in ka hria. Current event chiang taka hre tur chuan history hriat a pawimawh thin tih thu ah, zirlai ten an hlawkpui ve theih mial in ka lo zep ve anih hi)